Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
3
3
FA
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
Rereading the ideas of spatial justice in reducing urban poverty
(Case study of the historical context of Shiraz)
5
16
FA
Samira
Abbasi
Zahrasadat
Saeideh Zarabadi
Hamid
Majedi
Today, due to the unbalanced growth of cities and economic, social and cultural crises of societies, the concept of spatial justice in cities has been significantly considered and also has faced major challenges. On the other hand, the mentioned crises and conditions have caused the percentage of people who feel poverty to increase, according to statistics in the cities of the country. In this regard, the present study has been formed with the aim of achieving ways and methods to affect the distribution of urban services on citizens' sense of urban poverty in the historical context of Shiraz metropolis, which will be examined in the framework of the principles of spatial justice. Accordingly, after reviewing the literature related to the subject, a conceptual model of the research was formed and a questionnaire was surveyed from residents in the context, which is known as the lower urban area (statistical population in this study of 350 people to complete Was a questionnaire). Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling method and Smartpls software. The results of this study indicated that urban services related to employment and the economy is the most important path that is effective in understanding spatial justice and the feeling of poverty among the studied samples. In general, from the point of view of citizens living in the historical context of Shiraz, it can be concluded that their poor economic situation and employment, which is based on their personal characteristics, depends on the layers of urban management, which has a significant impact on their understanding of justice. Space and consequently the feeling of being poor.
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
Rereading the Ideas of Spatial Justice in Reducing Urban Poverty
(Case Study: The Historical Fabric of Shiraz)
5
16
FA
Samira
Abbasi
Zahrasadat
Saeideh zarabadi
Hamid
majedi
Introduction: Today, due to the unbalanced growth of cities and economic, social, and cultural urban areas of societies, the concept of spatial justice in cities has been significantly considered and has faced significant challenges. On the other hand, the mentioned crises and conditions have caused the percentage of people who feel poverty to increase, according to statistics in the country's cities. In this regard, the present study was formed to explain how spatial justice through the distribution of urban services affects the feeling of poverty of citizens in the historical fabric of Shiraz metropolis (corresponding to the eighth district of the city) as a sample.
Methodology: Accordingly, after reviewing the literature related to the subject, a conceptual model of the research was formed, and a questionnaire was surveyed from residents in the region, which is known as the lower urban area (statistical population in this study of 350 people to complete was a questionnaire). Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling and "Smartpls" software.
Results: This study indicated that urban services related to employment and the economy are the most critical path that can be effective in understanding spatial justice and the feeling of poverty among the studied samples.
Conclusion: In general, from the point of view of citizens living in the historical fabric of Shiraz can be concluded that their poor economic situation and employment, which is based on their characteristics, depends on the layers of urban management, which has a significant impact on their understanding of justice. Space and consequently the feeling of being poor.
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
Comparative study of the hierarchy of entry in the mosques of Tabriz Grand Bazaar and Qaysari Bazaar of Isfahan
17
38
FA
Azita
Balali oskoei
Alireza
Alimi
Introduction: Mosques and bazaars are essential components of an Islamic city. The close relationship between them has historically led to the correlation of traditional Iranian society's economic power and spiritual power. Therefore it has played a significant role in the history of Iran in the Islamic era. Consequently, mosques have been of great importance in Islamic architecture. Another significant feature of the Islamic city, namely the bazaar, as the economic arm of the traditional Iranian society, has always had a close relationship with the mosques due to its proximity to mosques and mosques' influence in the context of traditional Iranian bazaars.
Methodology: This research is based on descriptive-analytical research method and studying the architectural features of Bazaar (Tabriz Grand Bazaar and Qaysari Bazaar of Isfahan) and reviewing travelogues and maps, documents related to Bazaar mosques of the two cities and analyzing them, and they have been compared. The research's main question is how the hierarchy of entering the mosque of Tabriz Grand Bazaar and Qaysari Bazaar of Isfahan was done? Furthermore, what are the differences in the input hierarchy?
Results: The present study tries to examine the role of these mosques in the traditional Iranian society and by examining and analyzing the mosques of the two important bazaars of Iran, mainly the mosques of Tabriz Grand Bazaar and Qaysari Bazaar of Isfahan, for discussing the different roles of these two types of mosques. The motivation for choosing these two bazaars is Tabriz and Isfahan's historical background as cities, both of which have been the capitals of Iran at different times. And according to the role of the bazaar and their mosques in the capital of Islamic governments, the differences between the two classifications have been discussed.
Conclusion: A comparative study of the mosques of Tabriz Grand Bazaar and Qaysari Bazaar of Isfahan (as Shiite mosques) shows the reasons for the difference in mosques' hierarchy bazaars is the difference in the role of these mosques in traditional Iranian society. Studies show that Tabriz's conditions during the Qajar period (as the crown prince of Iran) and Isfahan during the Safavid period (as the capital of Iran) are similar, and these conditions create similarities in the bazaar mosques of these two cities during this period. This shows the critical role of bazaar mosques in traditional Iranian society.
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
Analysis of the role of urban graphic in the development of Razavi culture with a nostalgic approach and Icon- phenomenon (a case study of Razavi elements in Imam Reza squares in Iran)
39
52
FA
Hosein
Abeddost
Nader
Zali
Saman
Abizadeh
Introduction: Urban Graphics is one of the fields of graphic design as part of the integrated urban design activity helps to form the city's mental image. The use of statues with the theme of religious culture with metaphorical symbols and signs affects the city's overall appearance. It can be useful in institutionalizing pure Islamic values and knowledge. The field of urban graphics can illustrate Shiite religious beliefs related to the Eighth Imam and show these explicit and implicit meanings concerning Imam Reza's sanctity (PBUH) and Shiite beliefs in the urban environment. The use of religious and Shiite elements in the urban environment greatly impacts creating a sense of place and attachment. It creates the desired effects of attachment and helps the individual to go beyond the current text. This study, focusing on the analysis of the signs in the Razavi elements, tries to answer the question of what are the elements influencing the formation of meaning in the mind of the audience of the Razavi elements and how can the nostalgic approach and excellence of the mechanical icon to the phenomenon icon analyzed it.
Methodology: The research method is descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting material is a combination of library studies and field observations. Data analysis is qualitative.
Results: Razavi elements create an image of a religious place in the audience's mind, which is deeply associated with a sense of place and nostalgia for pilgrimage, which is one of the customs and social characteristics of Persian society. Razavi elements evoke the identity of a religious place. They can be considered and analyzed in terms of physical form, communication action with the audience, and the religious meaning they create in the urban space. Works designed with iconic, written, or combined signs on Imam Reza (PBUH) squares and boulevards form a process of communication with the audience. The dialogue between these signs takes place sequentially, and these signs interact with the visual perception and prior experiences of the audience.
Conclusion: The meanings of the Razavi elements or the emotion evoked by these elements are more important than their visual structure. This process can be considered the formation of a transcendent sign and its transformation into a symbol. The process of forming a religious mental image in an urban environment with the help of urban graphics can be expressed, which subsequently brings a sense of place and attachment.
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
Identification of scenarios of the inefficient urban fabric based on sustainable regeneration approach on the Horizon of 1414 (Case study: Inefficient fabric of Yazd urban)
53
64
FA
Najmeh
Izadfar
Mohammadreza
Rezaei
mohammadhosein
Saraei
Introduction: The inefficient urban tissue is part of the city's body left out of the urban scene because of too much deterioration. Therefore, along with the emergence of various problems and their effects on different areas, paying attention to dysfunctional tissues and eliminating their instability has become a severe issue. The need to intervene in these tissues in different periods is necessary. Urban regeneration, with the integrated redevelopment that includes physical, social, economic, and environmental dimensions. As a solution for achieving spatial justice, social equality, economic vitality, and ecological health. Given the increasing pace of urban change, future research is a tool for achieving sustainable regeneration to face the urban future's uncertainties. This article aims to explain the future of the inefficient Tissue of Yazd city in the long-term horizon of 2035 to achieve sustainable urban regeneration.
Methodology: In terms of purpose, the present study is applied. The method is a combination of documentary and survey methods. Its methodology is in the field of future study. Datatype is qualitative and, in terms of time is cross-sectional data. For analyzing variables, the method of cross-impact and scenario wizard software has been used.
Results: The results showed that among the factors affecting the future of inefficient tissue, ten drivers play a role in the regeneration of the inefficient tissue of Yazd. In total, 30 uncertainties were determined for drivers. Finally, based on experts' opinions and based on the Wizard scenario software analysis, two robust scenarios were obtained.
Conclusion: Based on the analysis of robust scenarios, the first scenario considers the critical situation and the second scenario the optimal conditions for the future of the inefficient Tissue of Yazd city. Finally, solutions are presented to achieve the desired future in the second scenario.
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
Evaluation and analyzing physical location components influencing on the thermal performance of residential complexes; a case study of Hamedan
65
88
FA
Hojjat
Ghiasvand
Mohammadtaghi
Saghafi
Hosein
Madi
Introduction: Increase in urban population and development of cities has led urban planning and designing into a new stage of sustainable development so that the importance of effective energy design to develop cities sustainably, especially in urban housing, seems vital. One of the main principles of sustainable climate development is to examine how residential buildings are suited to enhance their thermal performance in cities. Therefore, this study aims to examine the components and geometrical indices of physical location influencing thermal performance in the design stage in the Cold semi-arid climate of Hamedan. The factors influencing the thermal performance of physical location regarding theoretical foundations and the literature were investigated. The physical location of residential complexes has different influencing factors for saving energy, such as the direction of the buildings, the form of mass-space at the site, and the height (density) with various geometrical characteristics.
Methodology: The research method combines qualitative (descriptive, analytical, and field observation) and quantitative (energy simulation data) methods. Data analysis was conducted using statistical methods, correlation test, ANOVA, T-test, and comparison with the reference model. The independent variable is physical location components (direction, mass-space, and height), and the dependent variable is annual energy consumption.
Results: 15 residential buildings were coded and simulated by identifying four main groups and their subgroups in Hamedan. The findings revealed that physical location components influence energy consumption intensely. Choosing the proper direction can save a significant amount of energy in most patterns, mostly linear patterns. Correlation analysis among geometrical indices influenced by mass-space and energy consumption indicates a direct and intense relationship. The fewer amounts of indices, including the window–to–gross area, the ratio of area-to-mass, the, and occupation level line are, the more energy is saved. Then they are regarded as the main priority of designing. Increase in height and its influencing geometrical indices leads to a decrease in cooling energy consumption and has different results in the consumption of heating energy and the total energy.
Conclusion: The most optimal physical location is west-east oritation, and the least suitable one is north-south to 120 degrees. Dense patterns with fewer occupation level lines are the most suitable mass-space pattern in residential complexes. By comparing the patterns with the reference model, linear patterns with an average of 13.05% energy saving are optimal. Sparse patterns are the most inefficient, with an average of 5.86% saving, and dense and combined patterns have moderate energy saving. Patterns with the most area to the volume of blocks are not considered suitable in a cold climate for residential complexes. Correlation analysis between height (increase in surface-area-to-volume ratio and H/W) and energy consumption shows that among the six patterns being investigated, there is an increase in consumption in 2 patterns, and in the other six patterns, there is a noticeable decrease in energy consumption.
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
Principles of design of business and entertainment scape whit emphasize on regeneration mental health characteristics of Isfahan Bazar
89
104
FA
Parvin
Alipour
Amirhosein
ShabaniShahreza
Introduction: The environment and its design can serve as a link between the dimensions of health and their connection. Today, health has a wide range of dimensions. Among these, the mental dimension of health is essential in citizens' quality of life due to various changes such as widespread urbanization and its effects. One of the traditional Iranian architecture achievements in regulating man and space's relationship is to consider all physical, mental, and mental dimensions. However, the study and analysis of traditional architecture from the perspective of health has been done less in research. Architecture can lead us to self-cognition, and this attitude can be seen in Iran's traditional architecture. It attempts to support both human beings in balancing the material and spiritual world with both quantitative and qualitative aspects of architecture. The commercial and recreational spaces such as bazaars are an inseparable part of everyday life; since almost all people in communities use them, the Bazaar as a public space can play a crucial role in promoting the health of citizens in today's urban life
Methodology: In this research, factors affecting mental well-being and their influence on other dimensions of health concerning architecture in a commercial-recreational environment are considered by using thematic analysis with maxqda12 software; in this regard, the articles of the "Public Health" journal are investigated. By selecting the repeated components of mental health from literature, examining the quality of Isfahan's primary traditional market (Bazaar), the Iranian market's architecture was compared and extracted. In response to these needs in the commercial-recreational space, a set of architectural components affecting mental health in the commercial space were collected.
Results: Results showed that seven leading indicators in the thematic analysis have the most substantial effect on mental health. These seven factors were considered the principal codes in this research, and they are investigated in the Iranian bazaar context. This study found that from a mental health perspective, the quality of the pedestrian path, accessibility to green spaces, and proper building height in architectural aspects appears to be the most important determinants of well-being in the Iranian commercial context.
Conclusion: In addition to present policies for improving mental health in traditional Iranian markets, the article introduces a new conceptual model concerning mental health and urban commercial-recreational spaces interaction, which is useful in the future development of healthy architecture and improvement of urban public spaces.
Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch
Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies
2322-5602
9
34
2021
1
1
Investigating the effect of classroom color on Students' mental health
105
122
FA
Ladan
Tajodini
Ahmad
Mirzakochak Khoshnevis
Mohammad
Iranmanesh
Introduction: There is a hidden hierarchy connecting the physical, psychological, and behavioral environments. This hierarchy arises from the complete satisfaction of human needs, and the evolution of this hierarchy further guarantees the mental health of the individuals and society. This concept's importance lies in the fact that spaces with suitable and optimal conditions for the physical, mental, and emotional growth of children improve the physical and mental growth of the students. Primary schools are among the most important places where children are influenced and prepared to enter society and more complicated environments. This study is an interventional study. Students' mental health is measured before coloring using the standard SDQ questionnaire (which is designed for assessing the students' strengths and weaknesses; the parents form consists of 25 questions, and it has high validity and reliability). Goodman devised this questionnaire for respondents between the ages of 3 and 16 years. It comprises five subscales, namely emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationship problems, and prosaically behavior.
Methods: The classrooms are classified into the following five color classes in an entirely similar fashion: blue, yellow, green, pink, and white. At the end of the academic year, i.e., about six months later, the mental health of the first and second-grade students in Mehr and Marefat primary schools (boys and girls schools) in Kerman was measured using the same SDQ questionnaire. The comparison of the posttest and pretest responses provided the following results.
Results: The colors were ranked about their impacts on the students' mental health using the TOPSIS technique. Based on the resulting Ci values, the following conclusions are drawn: colors blue, green, pink, yellow, and white have the highest impact in the order mentioned on the mental health of the students in Mehr and Marefat primary schools in Kerman. In other words, blue has the highest impact while white has the lowest impact on students' mental health. The colors were then ranked concerning their impact on the female students' mental health using TOPSIS technique. The following conclusions are also reached based on the resulting Ci values: colors green, blue, pink, yellow, and white have the highest impact on the mental health of the students in the Marefat primary school (girls) in Kerman in the order mentioned. In other words, green has the highest impact while white has the lowest impact on girls' mental health. Finally, the colors were ranked concerning their impact on the mental health of the male. Students using TOPSIS technique and the following conclusions are drawn based on the resulting Ci values: colors blue, green, pink, white, and yellow have the highest impact on the mental health of the students in the Mehr primary school (boys) in Kerman in the order mentioned. In other words, blue has the highest impact while yellow has the lowest impact on the boys' mental health.
Conclusion: Students' mental health was examined for dimensions (emotional symptoms, behavioral problems, hyperactivity symptoms, peer problems, and desirable social behaviors), and different results were obtained.